Units, material and energy balances

In any environmental management program, measurement, accounting, and balancing of the materials and pollutants are required, for example, in a sodium hydroxide manufacturing industry, it is essential to know the amount of mercury purchased every year, discharged in the gaseous liquid or solid states and also that carried over in the product. This will enable the designing of suitable environmental monitoring and management program. It is, therefore, necessary to follow a commonly used and accepted system of measurement consistently. This session reviews some of the basic consideration which an environmental scientist must be familiar with to carry out such accounting.